Canada labels Khalistani extremists a national security threat for the first time

In a notable shift, Canada has officially identified “Khalistani extremists” as a national security threat in its latest intelligence report. The Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), in its 2025 annual report to Parliament, stated that although there were no Khalistani extremist-related attacks within Canada in 2024, the continued involvement of Canada-based individuals in violent activities remains a serious threat to Canadian national security and interests.

This marks the first time the Canadian government has explicitly referred to Khalistanis as “extremists.” The report noted that only a small number of individuals are categorized as such, based on their use of Canadian territory to promote, fundraise for, or plan violent actions—primarily targeting India.

India has long raised concerns about the presence and activities of Khalistani extremists in Canada. Over the years, New Delhi has submitted more than 20 extradition requests involving individuals linked to terrorism and violence, including those associated with the 1985 Air India bombing, which killed 329 people.

The CSIS report further stated that these Canada-based Khalistani extremists (CBKEs) aim to establish an independent state of Khalistan, primarily in Punjab, India, using or supporting violent methods. It also highlighted that both real and perceived threats from Khalistani extremism have fueled Indian concerns about foreign interference in Canada.

This acknowledgment by Canadian intelligence may help address India’s longstanding complaints and improve diplomatic relations.

The announcement coincides with a recent meeting between Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney on the sidelines of the G7 Summit in Alberta. The leaders agreed to restore diplomatic ties, including appointing new high commissioners and resuming trade negotiations. Relations between the two nations had significantly deteriorated after former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused the Indian government of involvement in the killing of Hardeep Singh Nijjar—claims that were never substantiated with public evidence.

Since taking office, Prime Minister Carney has expressed a clear intent to mend and strengthen Canada’s ties with India.